Furthermore, physical activity education was significantly positively associated with achievement of recommended physical activity guidelines. Many studies have also shown that physical activity lowers fasting blood sugar. For example, the incidence of diabetes after exercise intervention was lower in the intervention group (7%) than in the control group (11%). Regular physical activity is the safest and best-tested lifestyle measure to reduce the risk of NCD. Nowadays, physical activity has been considered a complementary treatment modality in the management and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines physical activity as any muscular contraction of skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure, including actions performed while playing, working, performing household tasks, engaging in leisure activities and traveling. Physical activity education is a cost-effective treatment in under-resourced settings. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), successful diabetes management requires a systematic approach that supports patient behavior change efforts. Diabetes requires ongoing care with multifactorial risk reduction strategies. Diabetes self-management includes activities and behaviors that patients undertake to manage and treat their condition. This rapid increase in diabetes requires self-management behavior, especially in areas with poor health care coverage.
Ethiopia has the highest prevalence of diabetes, with a prevalence ranging from 2.0 to 6.5%. Primary care platforms such as health posts and health centers can play a key role in integrating health promotion programs to improve self-management behaviors.ĭiabetes mellitus is a major worldwide public health problem affecting about 9.3% of the global adult population in 2019 and increasing to 12.2 by 2045, especially in middle-income countries with 80.6%.
Health care providers should integrate physical activity programs into existing systems as a common therapeutic service. This study demonstrates that a physical activity promotion program makes a significant difference in patient compliance with recommended physical activity and effectively improves patient glycemic control. Participants who engaged in the physical activity promotion program significantly increased the mean scores for exercising moderate-intensity activities and spending time (p < 0.05), walking for at least 10 min continuously and spending time (p < 0.05), exercising moderate-intensity recreational activities and spending time (p < 0.05).There was a significant reduction in mean fasting blood glucose after participating in a physical activity program (p < 0.05). Physical activity promotion programs increased adherence to the recommended number of days and duration (spending time) of physical activity (p < 0.0001). ResultsĪ total of 216 type II diabetics participated in this study. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. Intervention and control groups were compared before and after intervention using independent t-tests. Data were presented as means of standard deviations for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. The study enrolled 216 type II diabetic patients from four public hospitals. MethodsĪ quasi-experimental study was conducted from January 2020 to February 2021 at North Shoa Zone Public Hospital. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a physical activity promotion program on adherence to recommended physical activity and lessons to improve self-management. However, this is difficult to put into practice and requires a new approach. Diabetes is a significant global public health issue that necessitates self-management.
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